Fuel lubricity and its laboratory evaluation

This literature review paper discusses the subject of lubricating properties liquid hydrocarbon-based fuels and laboratory bench tests applied in lubricity evaluation. The analysis was made order to highlight importance fuel evaluation, especially application relatively rapid tests. Inadequate may lead an excessive wear injection system components some cases ? even catastrophic failure what, turn, manifests itself higher replacement costs, shortened service life, inefficient engine performance increased tailpipe emissions. Nowadays, when more rigorous emissions standards for transportation are continuously established, satisfactory is great importance. Lubricity determines antiwear behaviour lubricant over regime boundary lubrication moving surfaces separated only by a very thin fluid film adhering them. most important role forming such films played polar compounds aromatic hydrocarbons that naturally present crude oil derived fuels. However, refinery processes production remove them, thus reducing lubricity. Fuel problems were first defined mid-1960s resulted from severe refining treatment aviation kerosene. In those days, equipment failures aircraft turbine engines reported. Then, late 1980s, similar revealed after implementation US NATO forces ?The Single Forward? policy which mandated all military vehicles must be operable with kerosene-based fuel. regarding diesel emerged 1990s countries set limits on sulphur hydrocarbon content this paraffinic produced Fischer-Tropsch synthesis or hydrotreatment process commonly nowadays also possesses low properties. Generally, provide good lubricity, various additives mostly employed estimate their effectiveness. Since 1960 many test rigs have been developed. Several inter-laboratory programs carried out select best would show correlation field experience. Among BOCLE, HFFR, SLBOCLE methods become industry standards.